库车坳陷沉降与天山中新生代构造活动   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

杨庚  钱祥麟 《新疆地质》1995,(3)

位于塔里木盆地北缘、天山南侧的库车坳陷为中新生代发育的构造单元。坳陷与天山造山带在成因上紧密相连，坳陷的沉降是由于天山山体隆升扩展引起的岩石圈挠曲响应。根据纵横向不同位置盆地沉降史的分析对比，该坳陷为典型的挤压盆地。推测中生代时期天山造山带以走滑和逆冲作用为主，新生代时期至少在库车坳陷北缘，天山造山带以向南冲断作用为主。库车坳陷强烈沉降时期并不对应于粗碎屑沉积，而对应于细碎屑沉积时期，即天山造山带构造强烈活动时期。天山造山带强烈活动造成库车坳陷强烈沉降，其主要原因与塔里木板块南侧的羌塘地体、拉萨地体、科西斯坦杂岩和印度次大陆的增生碰撞有关。  相似文献   

The refraction seismic experiment GRANU95 in the Saxothuringian belt, southeastern Germany   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Enderle  Schuster  Prodehl  Schulze  & Bribach 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,133(2):245-259

  相似文献   

Compound-specific radiocarbon dating of Ross Sea sediments: A prospect for constructing chronologies in high-latitude oceanic sediments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Naohiko Ohkouchi  Timothy I. Eglinton 《Quaternary Geochronology》2008,3(3):235-243

We present an overview of the problems relating to the development of sedimentary chronologies for Antarctic margin sediments, and review the recent application of compound-specific radiocarbon dating methods for resolving them. Radiocarbon dating of solvent-extractable, short-chain (C₁₄, C₁₆, and C₁₈) fatty acids isolated from surface sediments of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, revealed their ages to be consistent with that of the modern dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) reservoir age (pre-bomb, Δ¹⁴C≈−150‰; post-bomb, Δ¹⁴C≈−100‰) in this region. This contrasts sharply with the radiocarbon ages of bulk organic matter in the corresponding sediments are substantially older (Δ¹⁴C=−298‰ to −712‰). Furthermore, the radiocarbon ages of these fatty acids progressively increase with the core depth. These results clearly show a utility of the compound-specific radiocarbon dating for developing sediment chronologies in the Antarctic margin sediments. This approach is potentially applicable to Arctic Ocean, as well as other areas of Southern Ocean where similar interferences by fossil or pre-aged carbon inputs have hindered the progress in the development of late Quaternary paleoceanographic records.  相似文献   

From mountains to basins - Insights from orogenic collapse in southern Ryukyu and northern Taiwan     

Louis S. TENG 《地球学报》2009,30(Z1):81-81

Along the Eurasian continental margin, fragments of island arcs and continents affiliated with Gond-wanaland have continually been accreted as suspect terraines through the processes of accretionary orogeny and ensuing orogenic collapse. These proc-esses can be vividly perceived in the present Western Pacific area, where southern Ryukyu and northern Taiwan serve as the youngest and most dynamic ex-ample of tectonic transformation from a rising moun-tain belt to a deepening marine basin.  相似文献   

Imposition of a Proterozoic salient on a Palaeozoic orogen at the eastern margin of Gondwana     

H.A. Williams  J.R. Stewart  P.G. Betts 《Gondwana Research》2009,16(3-4):669-686

Regional analysis of the distribution of metamorphic fabrics and shear zones in the Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Curnamona Province has enabled the deconstruction of a Cambrian fold arc that defines part of the eastern margin of Gondwana. We suggest a tectonic model whereby the arc formed at ca. 500 Ma, during accretion of Phanerozoic terranes to the eastern margin of Precambrian Australia. The regional fold arc is interpreted to have formed along an irregular plate margin comprising a SE-convex rigid promontory of Precambrian basement during initial accretion of the Phanerozoic terranes during the Cambrian. An early phase of dextral oblique-slip along shear zones in the south and west of the province indicates an initial WNW transport direction. As the arc was folded, a slightly later phase of sinistral oblique-slip shearing was initiated along shear zones in the east, in response to deflection of the arc around the rigid promontory.  相似文献   

Anatomy of a Cambrian suture in Gondwana: Pacific-type orogeny in southern India?   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

M. Santosh  Shigenori Maruyama  Kei Sato 《Gondwana Research》2009,16(2):321

Southern India occupies a central position in the Late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian Gondwana supercontinent assembly. The Proterozoic mosaic of southern India comprises a collage of crustal blocks dissected by Late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian crust-scale shear/suture zones. Among these, the Palghat–Cauvery Suture Zone (PCSZ) has been identified as the trace of the Cambrian suture representing Mozambique Ocean closure during the final phase of amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent. Here we propose a model involving Pacific-type orogeny to explain the Neoproterozoic evolution of southern India and its final amalgamation within the Gondwana assembly. Our model envisages an early rifting stage which gave birth to the Mozambique Ocean, followed by the initiation of southward subduction of the oceanic plate beneath a thick tectosphere-bearing Archean Dharwar Craton. Slices of the ocean floor carrying dunite–pyroxenite–gabbro sequence intruded by mafic dykes representing a probable ophiolite suite and invaded by plagiogranite are exposed at Manamedu along the southern part the PCSZ. Evidence for the southward subduction and subsequent northward extrusion are preserved in the PCSZ where the orogenic core carries high-pressure and ultrahigh-temperature metamorphic assemblages with ages corresponding to the Cambrian collisional orogeny. Typical eclogites facies rocks with garnet + omphacite + quartz and diagnostic ultrahigh-temperature assemblages with sapphirine + quartz, spinel + quartz and high alumina orthopyroxene + sillimanite + quartz indicate extreme metamorphism during the subduction–collision process. Eclogites and UHT granulites in the orogenic core define P–T maxima of 1000 °C and up to 20 kbar. The close association of eclogites with ultramafic rocks having abyssal signatures together with linear belts of iron formation and metachert in several localities within the PCSZ probably represents subduction–accretion setting. Fragments of the mantle wedge were brought up through extrusion tectonics within the orogenic core, which now occur as suprasubduction zone/arc assemblages including chromitites, highly depleted dunites, and pyroxene bearing ultramafic assemblages around Salem. Extensive CO₂ metasomatism of the ultramafic units generated magnesite deposits such as those around Salem. High temperature ocean floor hydrothermal alteration is also indicated by the occurrence of diopsidite dykes with calcite veining. Thermal metamorphism from the top resulted in the dehydration of the passive margin sediments trapped beneath the orogenic core, releasing copious hydrous fluids which moved upward and caused widespread hydration, as commonly preserved in the Barrovian amphibolite facies units in the PCSZ. The crustal flower structure mapped from PCSZ supports the extrusion model, and the large scale north verging thrusts towards the north of the orogenic core may represent a fold-thrust belt. Towards the south of the PCSZ is the Madurai Block where evidence for extensive magmatism occurs, represented by a number of granitic plutons and igneous charnockite massifs of possible tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) setting, with ages ranging from ca. 750–560 Ma suggesting a long-lived Neoproterozoic magmatic arc within a > 200 km wide belt. All these magmatic units were subsequently metamorphosed, when the Pacific-type orogeny switched over to collision-type in the Cambrian during the final phase of assembly of the Gondwana supercontinent. One of the most notable aspects is the occurrence of arc magmatic rocks together with high P/T rocks, representing the deeply eroded zone of subduction. The juxtaposition of these contrasting rock units may suggest the root of an evolved Andean-type margin, as in many arc environments the roots of the arc comprise ultramafic/mafic cumulates and the felsic rocks represent the core of the arc. The final phase of the orogeny witnessed the closure of an extensive ocean — the Mozambique Ocean — and the collisional assembly of continental fragments within the Gondwana supercontinent amalgam. The tectonic history of southern India represents a progressive sequence from Pacific-type to collision-type orogeny which finally gave rise to a Himalayan-type Cambrian orogen with characteristic magmatic, metasomatic and metamorphic factories operating in subduction–collision setting.  相似文献   

Annual and spatial variations of chemical and physical properties in the Ross Sea surface waters (Antarctica)     

Serena Massolo  Roberta Messa  Paola Rivaro  Riccardo Leardi 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

Temperature, salinity, meltwater percentage, water column stability, dissolved oxygen and nutrients were measured in seawater samples collected at three fixed depths (0, 20, 100 m) in 104 stations located in three different areas of the Ross Sea (Antarctica), during four Italian Antarctic surveys carried out between 1998 and 2006. Nutrient data were used to quantify the nutrient removal, which appears particularly high in 2006, especially in polynya area. The N:P and Si:N disappearance ratios were studied to estimate the dominant phytoplanktonic community. No significant differences in the nutrient drawdown ratio were observed, in fact the N:P ratio was always below the Redfield standard ratio.  相似文献   

Contemporaneous assembly of Western Gondwana and final Rodinia break-up: Implications for the supercontinent cycle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sebastián Oriolo  Pedro Oyhantçabal  Klaus Wemmer  Siegfried Siegesmund 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(6):1431-1445

Geological, geochronological and isotopic data are integrated in order to present a revised model for the Neoproterozoic evolution of Western Gondwana. Although the classical geodynamic scenario assumed for the period 800–700 Ma is related to Rodinia break-up and the consequent opening of major oceanic basins, a significantly different tectonic evolution can be inferred for most Western Gondwana cratons. These cratons occupied a marginal position in the southern hemisphere with respect to Rodinia and recorded subduction with back-arc extension, island arc development and limited formation of oceanic crust in internal oceans. This period was thus characterized by increased crustal growth in Western Gondwana, resulting from addition of juvenile continental crust along convergent margins. In contrast, crustal reworking and metacratonization were dominant during the subsequent assembly of Gondwana. The Río de la Plata, Congo-São Francisco, West African and Amazonian cratons collided at ca. 630–600 Ma along the West Gondwana Orogen. These events overlap in time with the onset of the opening of the Iapetus Ocean at ca. 610–600 Ma, which gave rise to the separation of Baltica, Laurentia and Amazonia and resulted from the final Rodinia break-up. The East African/Antarctic Orogen recorded the subsequent amalgamation of Western and Eastern Gondwana after ca. 580 Ma, contemporaneously with the beginning of subduction in the Terra Australis Orogen along the southern Gondwana margin. However, the Kalahari Craton was lately incorporated during the Late Ediacaran–Early Cambrian. The proposed Gondwana evolution rules out the existence of Pannotia, as the final Gondwana amalgamation postdates latest connections between Laurentia and Amazonia. Additionally, a combination of introversion and extroversion is proposed for the assembly of Gondwana. The contemporaneous record of final Rodinia break-up and Gondwana assembly has major implications for the supercontinent cycle, as supercontinent amalgamation and break-up do not necessarily represent alternating episodic processes but overlap in time.  相似文献   

西罗斯海阿黛尔盆地新生代构造特征及指示意义     

张峤  高金耀  沈中延  丁维凤 《地球学报》2017,38(4):479-493

本文根据西罗斯海北端阿黛尔盆地及周缘地球物理资料,对地震数据进行二维F-K频率与波数滤波处理,获得噪音被压制,同相轴更连续以及深部信号被明显揭露的数据资料。基于此分析了该区新生代构造特征和岩浆活动,并结合该区冰川作用,总结了与冰川有关的沉积相。研究发现,16 Ma时受到残余岩浆加热造成的阿黛尔海槽隆升作用以及阿黛尔盆地最开始不对称扩张的双重影响,在阿黛尔海槽两翼外分别形成隆起褶皱区和掀斜隆升区。隆起褶皱区以高角度断层和褶皱为特征,分布在阿黛尔海槽东翼南部,覆盖范围较小。掀斜隆升区则以雁行断层和掀斜断块为特征,分布在阿黛尔海槽西翼南部,向南一直伸到陆地边缘。利用火成岩体与围岩间的接触关系,将本区火成岩形成时代大体分为两期:早期和晚新生代火山。早期火山形成时间不易确定,只零星散落在掀斜隆升区内,推测其形成可能与残余岩浆活动有关。晚新生代火山形成时间至少晚于5.5 Ma,分布范围广且分散,基本覆盖整个研究区。这期岩浆活动无论从时间还是空间上可能都与裂谷作用无关,而是受到上新世以来大规模冰川消退造成的地幔减压熔融作用的影响。  相似文献   

Provenance and deformation history of the Eastern Thomson Orogen and implications for the Paleozoic evolution of the Tasmanides (Eastern Australia)     

R. Abdullah  U. Shaanan  K. Lynn  G. Rosenbaum 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2020,67(2):153-173

Abstract

Cambrian deformation associated with the Delamerian Orogeny is most evident in the Delamerian Orogen (southwestern Tasmanides) but has also been documented in the Thomson Orogen (northern Tasmanides). The tectonic evolution of the Thomson Orogen in the context of the Delamerian Orogeny is poorly understood. In particular, tectonostratigraphic relationships between the different parts of the Thomson Orogen (Anakie Inlier, Nebine Ridge, and southern Thomson Orogen) are still unclear. New detrital zircon data from the Nebine Ridge revealed an age spectrum that is consistent with published geochronological data from the Anakie Inlier. These results, in conjunction with petrographic observations and the interpretation of geophysical data, suggest that along the eastern part of the Thomson Orogen, the?～?NNE-trending Nebine Ridge represents the southward continuation of the?～?N–S-trending Anakie Inlier. New detrital zircon geochronological data are also presented for metasedimentary rocks from both sides of the Thomson–Lachlan boundary. The results constrain the maximum age of deposition (Ordovician–Devonian), and show that both sides of the Thomson–Lachlan boundary received detritus from a similar provenance. This might suggest that the Thomson–Lachlan boundary did not play a major role as a crustal-scale boundary prior to the Devonian. We speculate that transpressional deformation along this?～?E–W boundary, during the Early Devonian, was responsible for disrupting the original belt that connected the Delamerian Orogen (Koonenberry Belt) with the eastern Thomson Orogen (Nebine Ridge and Anakie Inlier).

1. Highlights

2. The Nebine Ridge is the southward continuation of the Anakie Inlier.

3. The Anakie Inlier and Nebine Ridge represent a northern segment of the Cambrian Delamerian–Thomson Belt.

4. ～E–W-trending crustal-scale structures at the southern Thomson Orogen were active during Devonian.

  相似文献